Distinction based on age was and still seems to be common practice at workplace without the question arising whether the applied measures and practices are objectively justified. However, such ignorance no longer seems acceptable nowadays in view of the individual’s dignity as well as in view of economical issues. Fertility rates decrease and older workers leave employment too early. Current pension systems are not designed to finance the longevity of today’s retirees. It should be of special concern to eliminate any discrimination against older workers which deprives them of the possibility to work. This study compares age discrimination legislation of Europe, Germany and the USA regarding access to employment, conditions of employment and termination of employment. It also integrates an economic and sociological viewpoint and offers a possible solution to better eradicate discrimination. This study addresses academics and professionals in the field of labour law and will also be of interest for employers. Distinction based on age was and still seems to be common practice at workplace without the question arising whether the applied measures and practices are objectively justified. However, such ignorance no longer seems acceptable nowadays in view of the individual’s dignity as well as in view of economical issues. Fertility rates decrease and older workers leave employment too early. Current pension systems are not designed to finance the longevity of today’s retirees. It should be of special concern to eliminate any discrimination against older workers which deprives them of the possibility to work. This study compares age discrimination legislation of Europe, Germany and the USA regarding access to employment, conditions of employment and termination of employment. It also integrates an economic and sociological viewpoint and offers a possible solution to better eradicate discrimination. This study addresses academics and professionals in the field of labour law and will also be of interest for employers.