Accurate valuation is at the heart of every sound investment decision. But ascribing a realistic price to an asset--whether that asset is a stock, bond, unit of cryptocurrency, option, or something else entirely--is notoriously difficult, especially in contemporary markets. Successful valuation requires discipline and a rigorous application of modern techniques. In the newly revised fourth edition of Investment Valuation: Tools and Techniques for Determining the Value of Any Asset, the award-winning Professor of Finance at NYU, Aswath Damodaran, delivers a comprehensive introduction to valuation for investment professionals and students. The book is fully updated to include the latest innovations in finance--including entirely new sections on pricing Bitcoin and gold--brand-new figures and tables populated with data that's current as of 2023, and refreshed case studies containing discussions of companies experiencing significant developments between 2020 and 2024. Investment Valuation includes complimentary access to a library of updated and expanded online databases, spreadsheets, and other educational support tools at damodaran.com. The book--and its accompanying resources--demonstrate how to choose from the numerous valuation models and tools available to you for any particular real-world scenario. The information contained within is accessible and understandable whether you approach the book from beginning to end or need to access only specific sections of the book to solve for a particular use case. An essential read for retail and professional investors, Investment Valuation will also prove invaluable to a wide range of finance and business professionals, from investment bankers to finance executives at public and private companies, entrepreneurs, founders, managers, analysts, and others who need to know what assets are actually worth.